First-time boat owner’s checklist

Getting your boat ready for the summer season can be exciting, especially as a first-time boat owner. It’s something you’ve been looking forward to all year–warm temperatures, sunny days and endless fun out on the water. But, before you set sail, there are numerous tasks you need to prepare.

For new Canadian boaters, the first season often comes with many surprises, whether it’s missing safety equipment, towing issues, expired flares, forgotten drain plugs or realizing that some documents legally need to be on board. This guide walks you through everything you need to stay safe, covered and ready to launch. Key takeaways:

• You must carry all required safety equipment as outlined by Transport Canada for your boat type and length.

• You legally require proof of competency in the form of a Pleasure Craft Operator Card (PCOC) to operate a motorized pleasure craft in Canada.

• Keep your PCOC, boating license, proof of insurance and ownership documents in a waterproof pouch on board at all times.

• Have a pre-departure checklist handy to prevent common first-season mistakes.

Insurance policy basics for first-time boat owners in Canada

Although boat insurance is not a legal requirement in Canada, it is extremely important for you to insure your boat. A boat is a major investment, like a cottage or a car and it is vital that you protect it. We recommend a policy that covers you for both liability and damages.

While many boat insurance coverages are similar to coverages for car insurance, there are a few specifically for boats. For example, fuel-spill liability is an add-on to boat insurance that protects you from clean-up claims or third-party damage caused by the accidental discharge of oil or fuel, if your boat were to leak or sink in a marina. Here's what you should know:

Marine (boat) insurance policy

Boat insurance is especially important for first-time boat owners with minimal experience. On average, 525 Canadians die each year in boating accidents, according to the Canadian Red Cross. Should an accident occur, having the right insurance plan in place is essential to protecting your finances and interests as a boat owner. A typical policy includes:

• Liability coverage.

• Physical damage to your boat’s hull, boat’s engine, equipment and attached gear.

• Fuel-spill liability.

• On-water towing and emergency assistance.

• Coverage for life jackets, fishing gear and valuables stored on board.

When searching for the right insurance policy for you, it’s important to discuss any special factors that may affect your policy with a broker like BrokerLink. This can include things such as keeping your boat in hurricane zones, boats leaving Canadian waters and boats travelling far from the shore. Premiums will vary based on the following factors:

• Your boat’s horsepower and engine size.

• The make and model of your boat.

• Vessel age.

• Where you store your boat.

• Where you navigate.

• Your previous claims history.

Looking for affordable, customized insurance? Talk to a BrokerLink advisor for a coverage review and quote.

Legal necessities: PCOC, license and registration

According to Transport Canada (except Nunavut and Northwest Territories), if you operate a motorized pleasure craft for recreational purposes, you will require proof of competency in the form of a Pleasure Craft Operator Card (PCOC). Several forms of proof are accepted by Transport Canada, including:

• A PCOC (provided once you complete a boat safety course accredited by Transport Canada).

• Pre-1999 certificates from the Canadian boating safety course.

• Certain marine certificates (check here for further information)

• A completed boat safety checklist (only valid for the rental period).

• An operator card or other document that meets requirements in your home country if you are visiting Canada.

Next, let's dive deeper into registration and legal documents:

Pleasure craft card (PCL) vs. vessel registration

A pleasure craft license (PCL) is mandatory for any recreational boat with a motor of 10 hp (7.5kW) or more, unless the vessel is registered federally. Your license number must be displayed on the bow in a contrasting colour and you must carry the license document on board at all times. Pleasure craft licensing is valid for 10 years before a renewal is required.

Documents to keep on board

Here's what you should have on hand:

• Proof of boat ownership.

• Insurance policy.

• Boating license.

• Boat registration.

• Inspection records.

Remember to keep documents in a waterproof bag and lock the bag in a compartment on your boat in case you are ever asked to present them while out on the water. Failure to provide a valid license or registration can lead to a fine of $250. Additionally, local rules may apply to provincial parks, marinas and waterways in terms of speed limits, no-wake zones and alcohol restrictions. Always check regulations before you head out.

Mandatory safety equipment (by boat length)

Transport Canada requires specific safety equipment to be present on board your vessel at all times, depending on boat length and type:

Stowage tips

Here's how you should go about storing everything mentioned in the table above:

• Keep all equipment accessible, dry and labelled.

• Perform an annual inspection and safety checks on equipment annually.

• Double-check Transport Canada’s Safe Boating Guide for annual updates.

Picking and fitting personal flotation devices and life jackets

Choose from a list of approved personal floatation devices and life jackets. For is a great option as they are buoyant. Inflatables should be lightweight and properly maintained. Let's take a closer look:

Fit test

Check for:

• Shoulder straps must be snug and crotch straps must be secure on children.

• There should be no excessive movement when lifted upward.

When to wear

Life jackets come in handy in the following scenarios:

• Wear your life jacket on deck or in cold water below 15°C to reduce shock from the cold.

• Pet life jackets are also available and should be considered if you wish to take your furry friends along with you.

Towing and trailer basics

Ensure your personal vehicle has the right towing capacity for your tow vehicle and hitch class. Here's what you should know:

Trailer safety tips

Make sure to always check the following:

• Ensuring trailer lights and brakes are functional.

• Tires are inflated and a spare is ready.

• Winch and tie downs are secure.

Hookup first-time boat owner checklist

You should also ensure that:

• Safety chains crossed: Backup measure if your hitch fails.

• Coupler is locked: Ensures trailer sits on the tow ball.

• Three-point straps: Bow, stern and mid straps locked to prevent shifting while in transit.

• Electrical plug connected: Powers brakes, turn and tail lights. Check before travelling.

Ask a BrokerLink advisor about adding trailer insurance to your boat coverage!

Boat storage: Home, dock, marina

New boat owners also need a plan when it comes to storing their boat safely when not in use. Here are some options you have when it comes to boat storage:

• Home: Convenient if you have the space. Low cost compared to other options. It could cause a security risk if you don’t have measures in place.

• Dock: Easy access when you’re up at the cabin or the coast. But it can expose your boat to severe weather conditions that can damage it.

• Marina: Offers winterization measures, maintenance and security year-round. But, does come with higher fees.

Tips

Secure your belongings and prevent theft by doing the following:

• Use locks, GPS trackers and an alarm system to protect against theft.

• Cover your boat with a breathable protective tarp.

• Remove all valuables from your boat.

Pre-season inspection and maintenance

Before the boating season is upon us, there are a couple of tasks you should perform as a new boat owner:

• Battery: Fully charged. Replace if needed.

• Fuel system: Check your fuel lines, fuel filters and tanks for leaks or damage.

• Fluids: Check oil, gear lube and coolant levels.

• Belts and hoses: Inspect these for any wear or cracks.

• Safety electronics: Inspect for damage, including the horn, lights, GPS and phone charger.

• Anodes: Check condition and replace if corroded.

• Bilge pump and float switch: Test operation to identify potential issues.

• Document service history: Document your maintenance and repairs. Pay a professional if needed.

Pre-departure checklist

The best way to prepare yourself before getting out on the open water is by creating a pre-departure checklist:

• Checking the weather forecast.

• Telling someone where you’re going.

• PFDs.

• Required safety equipment.

• Documentation.

• Stock up on water and food if needed.

• Ensure you have extra fuel.

On-water etiquette and core rules

Some boater rules and water etiquette to keep in mind when you’re out on the water include:

• Right-of-way basics: Sailboats have the right-of-way.

• No-wake zones: Slow down near docks, marinas and shorelines.

• Ramp and docks: Be patient, share space, secure your lines promptly.

• Alcohol rules: Follow local regulations for alcohol. Do not operate a boat under the influence of drugs or alcohol.

• Lifejackets: Keep all PFDs accessible; wear when you’re solo boating or travelling in cold water.

• Wildlife and environment: Avoid disturbing local wildlife. Minimize your wake near sensitive ecosystems.

If something goes wrong: Claims and incident steps

If something goes wrong, here’s what you need to do:

1. Ensure everyone on board is safe.

2. Document the incident with photos and videos.

3. Note names and contact information of those involved and any witnesses.

4. Contact local authorities for assistance.

5. Inform your insurance provider/broker that you would like to start a claim.

6. Work with your adjuster moving forward.

Contact BrokerLink today

Whether you’re a new boat owner or have owned your personal watercraft for years, boat safety is crucial. To protect your finances and interests on and off the water, get a personalized boat insurance quote with BrokerLink today.

Call Us 1-866-724-2372

FAQs on boat owner's checklist and insurance

Do I need insurance to launch?

It’s not mandatory but highly recommended for all boaters.

What safety gear for a 16-ft runabout?

PFDs, flashlight, fire extinguishers, lines, bailer/pump, sound device and visual device.

PCOC vs. boat licence—what’s the difference?

PCOC proves competence, while licensing is required for boat engines over 10 horsepower.

Can an auto roadside tow my boat trailer?

Some roadside assistance policies include trailer towing, but you’ll need to speak with your provider first.

What to do if caught in a storm?

Wear PFD, reduce speed, head to the harbour immediately and call for help in an emergency.

If you have any questions, contact one of our local branches.